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AP Euro Final

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 

The quotation expresses Churchill's concern about
a.
the rise of two superpowers.
c.
the spread of communism.
b.
ruined cities in Eastern Europe.
d.
postwar economic recovery.
 

 2. 

In the 1950s, tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union increased as a result of
a.
the division of Germany.
c.
the Cuban Missile Crisis.
b.
nuclear weapons development.
d.
UN troops in Eastern Europe.
 

 3. 

What was the underlying cause of the Cold War?
a.
conflicts within the UN Security Council
c.
border disputes in Europe and Asia
b.
Soviet resentment of U.S. military efforts during World War II
d.
competition between the United States and the Soviet Union
 

 4. 

Which condition was a consequence of the Cold War?
a.
The United States sought to become the world's greatest superpower.
c.
The United States offered aid to the new nation of Israel.
b.
The Soviet Union wished to launch a worldwide workers' revolution.
d.
The Soviet Union supported anti-colonial efforts in the Congo.
 

 5. 

Why was the Cuban Missile Crisis considered a Cold War conflict?
a.
The United States supported the Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista.
c.
Cuba was caught in a conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union.
b.
The Soviet Union offered military and economic aid to Cuban rebels.
d.
Cuba sought to invade the United States and further the spread of communism.
 

 6. 

As a result of the Truman Doctrine, in the late 1940s the United States sent more than ten billion dollars to
a.
Eastern Europe.
c.
Western Europe.
b.
Cuba and Central America.
d.
Africa, Asia, and South America.
 

 7. 

What phrase used by Truman in the quotation best expresses his beliefs about the Soviet Union?
a.
"must be the policy"
c.
"attempted subjugation"
b.
"free people"
d.
"outside pressures"
 

 8. 

The Marshall Doctrine reflected the policy of
a.
brinkmanship.
c.
isolationism.
b.
containment.
d.
nonalignment.
 

 9. 

Mao Tse-tung's main goal for Communist China was to
a.
expand communism in Asia.
c.
throw off Japanese rule.
b.
defeat the Kuomintang.
d.
achieve economic stability.
 

 10. 

What did China's Great Leap Forward attempt to modernize?
a.
agriculture
c.
the church
b.
education
d.
the military
 

 11. 

How did the Soviet Union respond to Czechoslovakia's Prague Spring?
a.
They permitted limited democratic reforms.
c.
They banned the trade union and jailed its leaders.
b.
Soviet troops invaded Czechoslovakia.
d.
Soviet authorities restored Imre Nagy to power.
 

 12. 

In Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Poland, communist governments fell four years after the
a.
election of Mikhail Gorbachev.
c.
fall of the Berlin Wall.
b.
end of the Cold War.
d.
founding of Solidarity.
 

 13. 

Which statement best expresses the relationship between Zionism and the state of Israel?
a.
Many Jews fled to Israel to escape the Zionists.
c.
The creation of Israel fulfilled the Zionist goal.
b.
Zionists are the dominant ethnic group in Israel.
d.
Zionist forces tried to block the founding of Israel.
 

 14. 

The state of Israel was founded in the
a.
Arabian Peninsula.
c.
Sahara Desert.
b.
region of Palestine.
d.
Sinai Peninsula.
 

 15. 

What has been a defining feature of Israel's history with its neighbors?
a.
political interdependence
c.
ongoing land disputes
b.
weak trade networks
d.
permanent ceasefire
 

 16. 

Which event in the Soviet Union would be an example of perestroika?
a.
The region of Chechnya is not allowed to secede.
c.
Soviet leaders sign the SALT I and II agreements.
b.
Books by formerly banned authors are published.
d.
People are allowed to own small businesses.
 

 17. 

What organization of the United Nations has five permanent members?
a.
General Assembly
c.
Secretary-General
b.
Secretariat
d.
Security Council
 

 18. 

According to the map, which NATO member shared a border with both a neutral nation and a Warsaw Pact country?
a.
Austria
c.
Greece
b.
Czechoslovakia
d.
Italy
 

 19. 

How do the events listed relate to the Russian Revolution?
a.
They helped to cause the revolution.
c.
They were consequences of the revolution.
b.
They turned Europeans against the revolution.
d.
They were turning points in the revolution.
 

 20. 

The government of Czar Nicholas II was replaced with rule by
a.
Alexander III.
c.
Mensheviks.
b.
Bolsheviks.
d.
the White Army.
 

 21. 

In the command economy of Stalinist Russia, all economic decisions were made by
a.
the Duma.
c.
workers and peasants.
b.
local councils known as soviets.
d.
the government alone.
 

 22. 

What is one way that Stalin created a totalitarian state?
a.
allowing teachers control of the schools
c.
pursuing Lenin's New Economic Policy
b.
requiring membership in the church
d.
using police terror to put down opposition
 

 23. 

Totalitarian regimes arose in Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union in part as a result of
a.
bloody revolutions.
c.
civil wars.
b.
the devastation of World War I.
d.
conflict between capitalists and communists.
 

 24. 

What feature was shared by the totalitarian regimes of Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union?
a.
a dictator who was glorified as a hero
c.
the desire for a classless society
b.
strong government-business relationships
d.
a state religion
 

 25. 

Which event or trend was among the causes of the Russian Revolution?
a.
the Gulag
c.
civil war
b.
redistribution of farmland
d.
poor economic conditions
 

 26. 

Why did 5 million Ukrainians starve in Stalinist Russia?
a.
Outdated farming methods made their crops vulnerable to pests.
c.
A national attempt at collective farming had failed tragically.
b.
The Soviet government took their food away from them.
d.
War between "red" and "white" forces led to a famine.
 

 27. 

What does the cartoon suggest about the conditions in which Hitler and his party rose to power in Germany?
a.
The abandonment of the Versailles Treaty allowed Hitler's party to emerge.
c.
The Versailles Treaty caused problems that led to the rise of Hitler's party.
b.
Hitler's party was weakened by the Versailles Treaty, but would soon recover.
d.
Hitler's party was able to hide behind the terms of the Versailles Treaty.
 

 28. 

In his quest for a "New Roman Empire," Benito Mussolini
a.
annexed the Rhineland.
c.
conquered Manchuria.
b.
invaded Ethiopia.
d.
coclaimed Ottoman lands
 

 29. 

The Japanese invasion of China in 1937 was followed by the
a.
Chinese civil war.
c.
mass murder of civilians.
b.
collapse of Imperial China.
d.
surrender of Chinese communists.
 

 30. 

What did Germany gain from the Hitler-Stalin Pact?
a.
control of the Sudetenland
c.
room for population growth
b.
protection from attack from the east
d.
the right to advance troops through Poland
 

 31. 

In the 1930s, why did Great Britain and France respond to German and Italian aggression with appeasement?
a.
Appeasement was mandated by the Neutrality Acts.
c.
Great Britain and France wanted to keep the peace.
b.
Germany and Italy had superior military forces.
d.
The aggression did not directly affect Great Britain or France.
 

 32. 

What event sparked the outbreak of World War II?
a.
Germany invaded Poland.
c.
Italy invaded Albania.
b.
Great Britain and France formed an alliance.
d.
European leaders met at the Munich Conference.
 

 33. 


Use the quotation to answer this question.

"Yesterday, December 7, 1941 - a date which will live in infamy - the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan."
- U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt

The attack Roosevelt refers to in the quotation took place in
a.
A. Guadalcanal.
c.
Europe.
b.
the continental United States
d.
the Pacific.
 

 34. 

In 1945, Germany was attacked
a.
by Allies on the east and Soviets on the west.
c.
from the sea in the north and land in the south.
b.
in the Battle of Stalingrad.
d.
through Normandy in France.
 

 35. 

During World War II, Winston Churchill
a.
commanded Allied forces in the Pacific.
c.
mobilized the Allies against Hitler.
b.
led the D-Day invasion.
d.
negotiated U.S. entry into the war.
 

 36. 

During World War II, Winston Churchill
a.
commanded Allied forces in the Pacific.
c.
mobilized the Allies against Hitler.
b.
led the D-Day invasion.
d.
negotiated U.S. entry into the war.
 

 37. 

What leader in World War II signed a nonaggression pact with Hitler but later joined the Allies?
a.
Charles de Gaulle
c.
Benito Mussolini
b.
Emperor Hirohito
d.
Joseph Stalin
 

 38. 

What policy of the Nazi party led to the Holocaust?
a.
pursuit of Lebensraum
c.
pursuit of racial purity
b.
economic redistribution
d.
religious unity
 

 39. 

The Nuremberg Laws helped to set the Nazi Holocaust in motion by
a.
forcing Jews into ghettos.
c.
outlawing opposition to Nazi policies.
b.
ordering the construction of death camps.
d.
stripping Jews of citizenship rights.
 

 40. 

During the Holocaust, Poland was the site of
a.
all but a few of the Jewish ghettos.
c.
most of the Nazi labor camps.
b.
all of the major Nazi death camps.
d.
the largest resistance movement.
 

 41. 

What conclusion is supported by the information in these charts?
a.
The civilian death toll in World War II was similar to the military death toll.
c.
World War II was the most destructive war in history.
b.
The Soviet Union had the greatest military losses and the greatest civilian losses.
d.
No Axis power had a military death toll greater than 1 million.
 

 42. 

From the map, you can infer that expansion of Nazi Germany was motivated by a desire to
a.
gain access to the sea.
c.
invade France.
b.
achieve control of Russia.
d.
possess more land.
 

 43. 

What domestic challenge made it difficult for France, Great Britain, and the United States to halt German and Italian aggression in the 1930s?
a.
antiwar sentiment
c.
military weakness
b.
economic depression
d.
rapid immigration
 

 44. 

Which event marked the final Allied victory in World War II?
a.
Battle of the Bulge
c.
D-Day invasion
b.
Battle of El Alamein
d.
Japanese surrender
 

 45. 

In the final years of World War II, who served as supreme commander of the Allied forces in Europe?
a.
Dwight Eisenhower
c.
Bernard Montgomery
b.
Douglas MacArthur
d.
Franklin D. Roosevelt
 

 46. 

What was the relationship between the Nuremberg Laws and the "Final Solution"?
a.
The Nuremberg Laws were the legal basis of the "Final Solution."
c.
The Nuremberg Laws were a step on the road to the "Final Solution."
b.
The "Final Solution" was the ideology that led to the Nuremberg Laws.
d.
"Final Solution" propaganda was used to pass the Nuremberg Laws.
 

 47. 

Which condition is a pressing problem in Mexico today?
a.
high trade tariffs
c.
single-party rule
b.
low petroleum production
d.
unequal income distribution
 

 48. 

How did China benefit from its admission to the World Trade Organization?
a.
It joined the global marketplace.
c.
Human rights issues were resolved.
b.
Communist rule officially ended
d.
Population growth leveled off.
 

 49. 

Which fact about China has probably contributed most to calls for democratic reform?
a.
China is the world's most populous nation.
c.
Industrial growth has spurred migration to cities.
b.
Literacy has quadrupled in the last 50 years
d.
Urban employment is nearly 10 percent.
 

 50. 

As a result of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was
a.
assigned sole responsibility for the World War I.
c.
forbidden to have an army.
b.
divided into two states.
d.
denied the right to trade overseas.
 

 51. 

What was the main purpose of the League of Nations?
a.
determining war reparations
c.
preventing the formation of national alliances
b.
peacekeeping
d.
regulating trade
 

 52. 

On the map, which letters indicate nations created from the former empire of Austria-Hungary?
a.
B and C
c.
N and O
b.
I and L
d.
P and Q
 

 53. 

The nations indicated on the map by the letters F, G, and H were formed on land that had belonged to
a.
Finland.
c.
Russia.
b.
Germany.
d.
Yugoslavia.
 

 54. 

Which letter on the map indicates a country created from the former lands of the Ottoman Empire?
a.
M
c.
P
b.
I
d.
Q
 

 55. 

In Europe, World War I brought an end to
a.
economic depression.
c.
multiparty government.
b.
isolationism.
d.
rule by empires.
 

 56. 

In the 1920s, which nation was most burdened by war debt?
a.
Germany
c.
Russia
b.
Great Britain
d.
the United States
 

 57. 

What contributed to the rise of totalitarianism in Europe after World War I?
a.
dissatisfaction with the aristocracy
c.
independence movements in overseas colonies
b.
lack of democratic tradition
d.
growth of the banking industry
 

 58. 

After World War I, many European artists felt that traditions of the past were
a.
a source of comfort.
c.
no longer meaningful.
b.
rejected by the government.
d.
intellectually stimulating.
 

 59. 

The literature of "lost generation" writers was characterized by
a.
disillusionment.
c.
patriotism.
b.
melodrama.
d.
surrealism.
 

 60. 

Which project would most likely have been undertaken by a post–World War I European artist such as Pablo Picasso or René Magritte?
a.
mural for a new government building
c.
portrait of the royal family
b.
drawing of an image from a dream
d.
painting of a romantic landscape
 

 61. 

What conclusion is supported by the information in these charts?
a.
The civilian death toll in World War II was similar to the military death toll.
c.
World War II was the most destructive war in history.
b.
The Soviet Union had the greatest military losses and the greatest civilian losses.
d.
No Axis power had a military death toll greater than 1 million.
 

 62. 

What was the goal of President Wilson's Fourteen Points?
a.
preparing for the independence of colonies in Africa and Asia
c.
convincing the United States to join the League of Nations
b.
limiting the power of Germany
d.
developing a plan for postwar peace
 

 63. 

What was the main reason for the Americans' rejection of the League of Nations?
a.
The U.S. economy was already burdened.
c.
Americans distrusted Russia and China.
b.
Americans feared participation in future European wars.
d.
U.S. diplomats were advocates of isolationism.
 

 64. 

Which dissolved European nation was re-created after World War I?
a.
Czechoslovakia
c.
Serbia
b.
Poland
d.
Turkey
 

 65. 

Which word best describes the state of most European economies following World War I?
a.
bankrupt
c.
slow-growing
b.
booming
d.
stable
 

 66. 

The novels A Farewell to Arms and The Sun Also Rises were written by which "lost generation" author?
a.
F. Scott Fitzgerald
c.
Ernest Hemingway
b.
Ford Maddox Ford
d.
John Dos Passos
 



 
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